Testing/QTP Interview Questions and Answers for experienced

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100 QTP Interview Questions and Answers

  1. What is QTP (QuickTest Professional)?

    • Answer: QTP, now known as UFT (Unified Functional Testing), is a commercial automated functional testing tool from Micro Focus. It's used to automate repetitive testing tasks, ensuring software quality and reducing testing time. It supports various technologies like web, desktop, SAP, Siebel, and more.

  2. Explain the different types of checkpoints in QTP.

    • Answer: QTP offers various checkpoints to verify application behavior. These include standard checkpoints (verify text, image, bitmap, etc.), table checkpoints (verify data in tables), database checkpoints (compare database values), and XML checkpoints (validate XML data). Each verifies a specific aspect of the application's state.

  3. What are the different object repositories in QTP?

    • Answer: QTP primarily uses two types of object repositories: the Shared Object Repository (accessible across multiple actions) and the Local Object Repository (specific to a single action). Using a shared repository promotes reusability and maintainability.

  4. How do you handle dynamic objects in QTP?

    • Answer: Dynamic objects change their properties during runtime. We handle them using descriptive programming, where we identify objects based on their run-time properties rather than static properties. Regular expressions can also be used to match patterns in dynamic object properties.

  5. What is descriptive programming in QTP?

    • Answer: Descriptive programming allows you to identify objects without relying on the Object Repository. Instead, you use a combination of object properties and their values to locate and interact with objects. It's crucial for handling dynamic objects.

  6. Explain the difference between 'Run-time data' and 'Test data' in QTP.

    • Answer: Run-time data is data entered directly into the test script during execution (e.g., through input boxes or parameters). Test data is external data, usually stored in a file (Excel, CSV, database), which is read and used by the test script, improving data-driven testing capabilities.

  7. How do you perform data-driven testing in QTP?

    • Answer: Data-driven testing involves separating test scripts from test data. QTP allows this by reading data from external sources (Excel sheets, databases, etc.) and using it to parameterize test inputs. This enables running the same test script with multiple data sets.

  8. What are different types of actions in QTP?

    • Answer: QTP actions are reusable modules. There are different types such as regular actions, function libraries, and external actions. Regular actions are modularizing testing for better reusability. Function libraries contain reusable functions and external actions are linked from external test scripts.

  9. Explain the concept of object identification in QTP.

    • Answer: QTP identifies UI elements (objects) in the application under test using properties. It uses a combination of properties to uniquely identify each object. The object's properties help QTP interact with them. If an object is not uniquely identifiable, QTP might not find or interact correctly.

  10. What are the different types of loops available in QTP VBScript?

    • Answer: QTP uses VBScript. Common loops include `For...Next`, `For Each...Next`, `Do While...Loop`, `Do...Loop Until`. Each serves a different purpose in controlling script flow based on conditions or iteration counts.

  11. How do you handle exceptions in QTP?

    • Answer: Using `On Error Resume Next` or `On Error GoTo` statements in VBScript. Error handling routines can be implemented to catch specific exceptions, log them, and take appropriate actions (e.g., continue execution, retry, report failure) rather than stopping script execution abruptly.

  12. What is the purpose of recovery scenarios in QTP?

    • Answer: Recovery scenarios handle unexpected events that might halt test execution, such as application crashes or unexpected pop-ups. They automatically recover from these errors, enabling the test to continue or gracefully exit.

  13. How do you integrate QTP with other tools?

    • Answer: QTP can integrate with various tools like Quality Center (ALM), Test Director (ALM), and source control systems (e.g., SVN, Git). This integration facilitates test management, version control, and reporting.

  14. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using QTP?

    • Answer: Advantages include ease of use, strong support for various technologies, powerful debugging tools, and robust reporting. Disadvantages include high licensing costs, the need for VBScript knowledge, and potential limitations with complex or rapidly changing applications.

  15. Explain the concept of regular expressions in QTP.

    • Answer: Regular expressions provide a flexible way to match patterns in text strings. This is crucial for identifying dynamic objects whose properties contain variable parts (e.g., dynamic IDs or names).

  16. How do you parameterize test scripts in QTP?

    • Answer: Parameterization involves replacing hardcoded values in the script with variables that can be easily modified. This makes scripts more reusable and allows for data-driven testing.

  17. How to handle synchronization issues in QTP?

    • Answer: Synchronization issues arise when the test script runs ahead of the application's readiness. QTP provides the `Wait` statement, and more effectively, the `Sync` object to wait for specific conditions (e.g., an object to appear, a property to change) before continuing execution, preventing timing-related failures.

  18. What is the difference between the 'Insert' and 'Call' statements in QTP?

    • Answer: 'Insert' copies the contents of one action into another, whereas 'Call' executes an external action or function library. 'Insert' increases script size while 'Call' improves reusability and maintainability.

  19. Explain different ways to debug your QTP scripts.

    • Answer: QTP provides debugging tools like breakpoints, stepping through the code, watch expressions to monitor variable values, and the immediate window to execute VBScript commands. Logging is also essential to track script execution flow and identify errors.

  20. How do you generate test reports in QTP?

    • Answer: QTP automatically generates test reports detailing script execution, pass/fail status, checkpoints, and runtime information. These reports can be customized to include additional details.

  21. What are the best practices for writing efficient and maintainable QTP scripts?

    • Answer: Best practices include using modular design (actions), descriptive programming, effective error handling, proper commenting, version control, and separating test data from test scripts.

  22. How do you handle frames and iframes in QTP?

    • Answer: To interact with elements within frames or iframes, you need to use the `Browser().Frame()` or `Browser().Page()` methods to switch to the desired frame's context before interacting with its objects. After interaction, remember to switch back to the main frame.

  23. Explain the concept of Keyword Driven Framework in QTP.

    • Answer: Keyword driven frameworks separate test cases into a data table (keywords and corresponding actions) and test scripts. The test script reads data from the table and performs actions based on the keywords. This enhances maintainability and reusability. Test cases are specified as keywords.

  24. What are the limitations of QTP?

    • Answer: Limitations include: high cost, reliance on VBScript, difficulty handling complex dynamic content, and slower execution compared to some other tools, especially for large, complex applications.

  25. How do you handle pop-up windows in QTP?

    • Answer: QTP handles pop-ups using the `Window()` object. You identify the pop-up window and then interact with its controls as you would with any other window in the application.

  26. Explain the different object properties used for object identification in QTP.

    • Answer: Common object properties include Name, Class Name, ID, HTML tag, innerText, and more. The best combination of properties depends on the application and object type. QTP uses these to uniquely identify UI elements.

  27. How do you use regular expressions to identify dynamic web elements?

    • Answer: Regular expressions (Regex) allow you to use patterns to match dynamic parts of object properties like IDs or names that change on every run. Instead of exact matches, you create patterns to match similar string structures. This makes your automation more resilient.

  28. Describe your experience with different testing methodologies (Agile, Waterfall).

    • Answer: [Tailor this answer based on your experience. Discuss how you adapted QTP/UFT within these methodologies, explaining the role of automation in each approach. Focus on how automation contributes to shorter iterations in Agile and comprehensive test coverage in Waterfall.]

  29. What is your experience with CI/CD pipelines and how have you integrated automation testing into them?

    • Answer: [Describe your experience with CI/CD tools such as Jenkins, Azure DevOps, etc. and how you integrated QTP/UFT scripts into the pipeline for automated execution, reporting, and integration with other automated checks. Mention techniques like triggering scripts based on code commits or build events.]

  30. How do you handle security testing within your automation framework?

    • Answer: [Discuss techniques to incorporate security testing into your automation, such as validating input sanitization, checking for SQL injection vulnerabilities using parameterized queries, and ensuring secure handling of sensitive data. Mention tools or techniques used to achieve this.]

  31. Explain your approach to managing large QTP test suites.

    • Answer: [Discuss strategies for organizing large suites, such as using a modular design with actions, shared object repositories, and a well-defined naming convention for tests and objects. Mention the use of test management tools for organization and tracking.]

  32. How do you maintain and update your QTP scripts as the application changes?

    • Answer: [Explain your process for updating scripts, including using version control, impact analysis of changes, and the use of descriptive programming to reduce the need for frequent object repository updates. Mention any tools or techniques used to streamline the maintenance process.]

  33. How do you measure the effectiveness of your QTP automation efforts?

    • Answer: [Discuss metrics used to measure automation effectiveness, such as test coverage, defect detection rate, test execution time reduction, and return on investment (ROI). Explain how these metrics are tracked and reported.]

  34. What are your preferred methods for logging and reporting test results?

    • Answer: [Describe your methods for generating detailed logs and reports, including the use of built-in QTP reporting features, custom logging mechanisms, and integration with test management tools for centralized reporting and analysis.]

  35. How do you handle situations where QTP fails to identify an object?

    • Answer: [Describe troubleshooting steps, including checking object properties, using descriptive programming, inspecting the application's HTML or code to identify object properties, and using tools to analyze object hierarchy. Discuss strategies for handling such failures gracefully.]

  36. What are some common challenges you've faced while automating tests with QTP, and how did you overcome them?

    • Answer: [Describe specific challenges, such as handling dynamic objects, synchronization issues, or flaky tests, and explain the strategies and techniques used to address these challenges. Provide specific examples.]

  37. What is your experience with different types of testing (functional, performance, regression)?

    • Answer: [Discuss your experience with different testing types. Focus on how you used QTP/UFT for functional and regression testing, mentioning any experience with performance testing tools and how they might complement QTP's capabilities.]

  38. How do you ensure your QTP scripts are robust and reliable?

    • Answer: [Describe strategies for writing robust scripts, such as using descriptive programming, appropriate error handling, and synchronization mechanisms. Highlight the importance of code reviews and thorough testing.]

  39. Explain your understanding of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) and your role in it as an automation tester.

    • Answer: [Describe your understanding of the SDLC (Waterfall, Agile, etc.), emphasizing your role in planning, designing, developing, executing, and maintaining automation tests. Explain how you integrate your work into each phase of the SDLC.]

  40. What is your experience working with different browsers and operating systems? How do you ensure your QTP tests work across different environments?

    • Answer: [Describe your experience with different browsers and operating systems and your methods for cross-browser and cross-platform testing using QTP/UFT. Mention techniques such as using the Run Settings to specify different browsers and operating systems, and using descriptive programming for object identification that is not browser-specific.]

  41. Have you worked with any other automation testing tools? How does QTP compare?

    • Answer: [Compare and contrast QTP with other tools like Selenium, TestComplete, or Ranorex based on your experience. Highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each tool and the scenarios where each is best suited.]

  42. Describe a challenging automation project you've worked on and how you overcame the difficulties encountered.

    • Answer: [Describe a specific challenging project, focusing on the difficulties encountered (e.g., dynamic content, complex application architecture, tight deadlines), and detail the strategies and solutions implemented to overcome these challenges. Highlight your problem-solving skills and technical expertise.]

  43. What are your salary expectations?

    • Answer: [Provide a salary range based on your experience, skills, and research of market rates in your area. Be prepared to justify your expectations.]

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