TestNG Interview Questions and Answers for internship

1. What is TestNG?

   • Answer: TestNG is a testing framework inspired from JUnit and NUnit but introducing some new functionalities that make it more powerful and easier to use. It's designed to simplify a wide range of testing needs, including unit, functional, integration, and end-to-end testing.

2. What are the advantages of using TestNG over JUnit?

   • Answer: TestNG offers several advantages over JUnit, including: annotations for more expressive test organization (e.g., @Test, @BeforeTest, @AfterTest), support for parallel test execution, better reporting capabilities, powerful configuration options through XML files, and support for data-driven testing.

3. Explain the different annotations used in TestNG.

   • Answer: Key annotations include @Test (defines a test method), @BeforeTest/@AfterTest (runs before/after all tests in a TestNG class), @BeforeClass/@AfterClass (runs once before/after all tests in a class), @BeforeMethod/@AfterMethod (runs before/after each test method), @DataProvider (provides data for data-driven testing), @Parameters (gets parameters from testng.xml), @Listeners (for custom listeners).

4. How do you handle test dependencies in TestNG?

   • Answer: TestNG allows you to define dependencies between test methods using the `dependsOnMethods` attribute in the `@Test` annotation. A test method will only execute if the methods it depends on have passed.

5. What is a TestNG Suite?

   • Answer: A TestNG suite is a collection of test classes or test methods that are grouped together to be run as a single unit. It's defined in an XML file (testng.xml) and allows for organized and flexible test execution.

6. Explain Data Providers in TestNG.

   • Answer: Data Providers are methods annotated with `@DataProvider` that supply data to test methods. They allow you to run the same test method multiple times with different inputs, facilitating data-driven testing.

7. How do you generate reports in TestNG?

   • Answer: TestNG automatically generates HTML reports in the test-output directory. You can customize the reporting further using third-party libraries or by configuring listeners.

8. What are TestNG Listeners?

   • Answer: Listeners are interfaces in TestNG that allow you to intercept events during test execution (e.g., test start, test success, test failure). You can use listeners to customize reporting, log events, or perform other actions based on test outcomes.

9. How do you run TestNG tests in parallel?

   • Answer: TestNG supports parallel test execution through the `parallel` attribute in the testng.xml file. You can run tests in parallel at the suite, class, or method level.

10. Explain the concept of TestNG groups.

    • Answer: TestNG groups allow you to logically organize your tests into groups. This enables selective execution of tests based on group names, making it easier to manage and run subsets of tests.

11. How to handle exceptions in TestNG?

    • Answer: You can use the `expectedExceptions` attribute within the `@Test` annotation to specify expected exceptions. If the test method throws the expected exception, the test is considered passed; otherwise, it fails.

12. How do you skip tests in TestNG?

    • Answer: Tests can be skipped using the `enabled` attribute in the `@Test` annotation (setting it to `false`). You can also conditionally skip tests based on runtime conditions.

13. What is the difference between @BeforeSuite and @BeforeTest?

    • Answer: `@BeforeSuite` runs once before all tests in the entire suite, while `@BeforeTest` runs once before all tests in a given test. `@BeforeSuite` is executed only once regardless of the number of tests or test classes in the suite, whereas `@BeforeTest` runs once per `` tag in the testng.xml.

14. How to use parameters in TestNG?

    • Answer: Parameters can be passed to test methods using the `@Parameters` annotation and defined in the testng.xml file. The `@Parameters` annotation specifies the parameter names, and the testng.xml file provides the values.

15. How can you integrate TestNG with Selenium?

    • Answer: TestNG can be easily integrated with Selenium by using Selenium WebDriver to control the browser and TestNG to manage the tests and reporting. You'll write test methods using Selenium actions and utilize TestNG annotations for test setup, execution, and reporting.

16. Explain the concept of Soft Assertion in TestNG.

    • Answer: Soft assertions (using `SoftAssert`) allow you to collect multiple assertions within a single test method. Unlike hard assertions (`Assert`), a soft assertion failure does not immediately stop the test execution; instead, it logs the failure and continues executing the rest of the test method.

17. How do you handle different browser types in TestNG with Selenium?

    • Answer: You can use parameters in TestNG to specify the browser type (e.g., Chrome, Firefox, Edge). Your test code would then conditionally instantiate the appropriate WebDriver based on the parameter value.

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