TestNG Interview Questions and Answers for freshers

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TestNG Interview Questions for Freshers

  1. What is TestNG?

    • Answer: TestNG is a testing framework inspired by JUnit and NUnit but introduces several improvements. It's designed to simplify the creation of robust and flexible test cases. Key features include annotations, support for data-driven testing, and powerful reporting capabilities.

  2. What are the advantages of using TestNG over JUnit?

    • Answer: TestNG offers several advantages over JUnit, including: better support for annotation-based testing, more flexible test configurations (e.g., grouping tests, running tests in parallel), powerful reporting features, and support for data-driven testing using @DataProvider.

  3. Explain the concept of annotations in TestNG.

    • Answer: Annotations in TestNG are metadata that provide instructions to the TestNG framework about how to execute tests. Common annotations include @Test, @BeforeTest, @AfterTest, @BeforeClass, @AfterClass, @BeforeMethod, @AfterMethod, @DataProvider, etc. These annotations define the test methods, setup and teardown methods, and data providers.

  4. What is the purpose of the @Test annotation?

    • Answer: The @Test annotation marks a method as a test method. TestNG uses this annotation to identify methods to be executed as part of the test suite.

  5. Explain the difference between @BeforeTest and @BeforeClass annotations.

    • Answer: @BeforeClass runs once before all test methods in a class are executed. @BeforeTest runs once before all test methods in a test are executed. The difference lies in the scope. @BeforeClass is class-level, while @BeforeTest is test-level. If you have multiple tests in a single class, @BeforeTest would run before each test, whereas @BeforeClass runs only once for the entire class.

  6. What is the purpose of @DataProvider?

    • Answer: @DataProvider is used to provide data to test methods. It allows you to run the same test method multiple times with different sets of input data, enabling data-driven testing.

  7. How do you handle exceptions in TestNG?

    • Answer: You can handle exceptions using the `expectedExceptions` attribute within the @Test annotation. This allows you to specify the exception you expect the test method to throw. If the expected exception is not thrown, the test will fail. You can also use try-catch blocks within your test methods to handle exceptions more gracefully.

  8. Explain TestNG's reporting mechanism.

    • Answer: TestNG generates detailed HTML reports that summarize the test execution results. These reports include information about passed, failed, skipped, and other test statuses. They also provide information about the execution time and other relevant details.

  9. How can you run TestNG tests in parallel?

    • Answer: TestNG allows parallel test execution using the `parallel` attribute in the `testng.xml` file. You can specify parallel execution at the suite, test, or method level. This significantly reduces the overall test execution time.

  10. What are TestNG suites?

    • Answer: TestNG suites are XML files that define the set of test classes and methods to be executed. They allow you to organize and group tests for better management and execution control.

  11. How to skip a Test Method in TestNG?

    • Answer: You can skip a test method using the `enabled = false` attribute within the `@Test` annotation or by using the `@Test(enabled = false)` annotation. This will prevent the method from being executed as part of the test suite.

  12. Explain the difference between hard assertion and soft assertion in TestNG.

    • Answer: Hard assertions (using `Assert.assertTrue()`, `Assert.assertEquals()`, etc.) stop the test execution immediately upon failure. Soft assertions (using `SoftAssert`) allow the test to continue even if an assertion fails. All failures are collected, and a final report is generated at the end.

  13. How do you generate a customized TestNG report?

    • Answer: TestNG allows customization of reports through the use of listeners. Listeners provide a way to intercept events during test execution and generate custom reports based on those events. You can create custom listeners that extend the `IReporter` interface.

  14. What are TestNG groups?

    • Answer: TestNG groups allow you to logically group test methods. This allows you to run specific groups of tests based on your needs. You can define groups using the `groups` attribute within the `@Test` annotation.

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