Testing/QTP Interview Questions and Answers for 2 years experience

1. What is software testing?

   • Answer: Software testing is a systematic investigation to provide stakeholders with information about the quality of the product or service under test. It involves executing a system or application to identify defects and ensure it meets specified requirements.

2. What is QTP (QuickTest Professional)?

   • Answer: QTP (now UFT - Unified Functional Testing) is an automated functional testing tool used to automate repetitive testing tasks. It uses VB Script for test scripting and allows for recording, editing, and running automated tests.

3. Explain the difference between black box, white box, and grey box testing.

   • Answer: Black box testing focuses on the functionality without knowledge of the internal code. White box testing uses knowledge of the internal code to design tests. Grey box testing combines elements of both, having some knowledge of the internal structure but not complete access to the code.

4. What are different types of software testing?

   • Answer: There are many types, including unit testing, integration testing, system testing, acceptance testing, functional testing, non-functional testing (performance, security, usability), regression testing, smoke testing, sanity testing, etc.

5. What is a test case?

   • Answer: A test case is a set of steps, conditions, and expected results that are designed to test a specific functionality or feature of a software application.

6. What is a test suite?

   • Answer: A test suite is a collection of related test cases that are grouped together to test a specific module or functionality of an application.

7. What is the difference between Verification and Validation?

   • Answer: Verification checks if we are building the product right (following specifications). Validation checks if we are building the right product (meeting user needs).

8. Explain the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC).

   • Answer: SDLC is a structured process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system. Common models include Waterfall, Agile, Spiral, etc.

9. What is Agile testing?

   • Answer: Agile testing is a testing methodology that aligns with the Agile software development principles. It emphasizes collaboration, flexibility, and continuous feedback throughout the development process.

10. What is a bug/defect?

    • Answer: A bug or defect is a flaw in the software that causes it to behave unexpectedly or not meet its requirements.

11. How do you report a bug effectively?

    • Answer: An effective bug report includes a clear title, steps to reproduce, expected vs. actual results, environment details (OS, browser, etc.), screenshots/videos, severity, and priority.

12. What is the difference between Severity and Priority of a bug?

    • Answer: Severity indicates the impact of the bug on the software's functionality. Priority indicates the urgency of fixing the bug.

13. What is regression testing?

    • Answer: Regression testing is a type of software testing that verifies that changes to the software (e.g., bug fixes or new features) have not introduced new defects or broken existing functionality.

14. What is test automation?

    • Answer: Test automation is the use of software tools to automate repetitive testing tasks, such as running test cases and comparing results.

15. What are the advantages and disadvantages of test automation?

    • Answer: Advantages include increased efficiency, reduced human error, improved test coverage, and faster test execution. Disadvantages include initial setup costs, maintenance overhead, and not being suitable for all types of testing.

16. Describe your experience with QTP/UFT.

    • Answer: [This answer should be tailored to your experience. Describe specific projects, the types of tests you automated, frameworks used, challenges encountered, and successes achieved. Quantify your achievements whenever possible (e.g., "reduced testing time by 20%").]

17. Explain how you would create a test script in QTP/UFT.

    • Answer: [Describe the process, including recording actions, inserting checkpoints, using descriptive programming, handling objects, and creating reusable functions. Mention any frameworks used, like keyword driven or data driven.]

18. What are checkpoints in QTP/UFT?

    • Answer: Checkpoints verify that specific properties of an object or the application's state meet the expected values during test execution.

19. What are different types of checkpoints in QTP/UFT?

    • Answer: Standard Checkpoint, Bitmap Checkpoint, Text Checkpoint, Table Checkpoint, Database Checkpoint, XML Checkpoint, etc.

20. Explain the concept of Object Repository in QTP/UFT.

    • Answer: The Object Repository stores the objects recognized by QTP/UFT. It allows you to manage and reuse objects across multiple test scripts, improving maintainability and reducing redundancy.

21. What is descriptive programming in QTP/UFT?

    • Answer: Descriptive programming allows you to identify objects based on their properties rather than relying solely on the Object Repository. This is particularly useful when dealing with dynamic objects.

22. How do you handle dynamic objects in QTP/UFT?

    • Answer: Use descriptive programming, regular expressions, or object identification techniques that rely on consistent properties rather than exact values which change dynamically.

23. What are actions in QTP/UFT?

    • Answer: Actions are reusable modules within a test script. They allow you to break down complex tests into smaller, manageable units.

24. What are the different types of actions in QTP/UFT?

    • Answer: Regular actions, reusable actions, and subroutine actions.

25. What is data-driven testing?

    • Answer: Data-driven testing uses external data sources (like Excel spreadsheets or databases) to supply test data to your test scripts. This allows you to run the same test with multiple datasets without modifying the script.

26. What is keyword-driven testing?

    • Answer: Keyword-driven testing uses a table or spreadsheet to define test steps and their corresponding actions. The test script reads this table and executes the actions accordingly. This improves test maintainability and allows for easier collaboration between testers and non-programmers.

27. How do you handle exceptions in QTP/UFT?

    • Answer: Use error handling techniques like `On Error Resume Next` and `On Error GoTo` statements in VBScript to gracefully handle runtime errors and prevent the test from crashing.

28. What is the difference between Run-Time Data Table and External Data Table?

    • Answer: Run-Time Data Table is built into the test script, while External Data Table allows you to store test data in a separate file (like Excel), offering better management and reusability of test data.

29. Explain your experience with any test management tool.

    • Answer: [Describe your experience with tools like TestRail, Jira, Azure DevOps, etc. Explain how you used the tool to manage test cases, track defects, and generate reports.]

30. How do you perform performance testing?

    • Answer: Performance testing is typically done using dedicated tools like LoadRunner or JMeter. It involves simulating different user loads to measure response times, resource utilization, and identify performance bottlenecks.

31. What is the difference between Load Testing, Stress Testing, and Endurance Testing?

    • Answer: Load testing simulates expected user load. Stress testing simulates loads exceeding expected capacity. Endurance testing simulates sustained load over a prolonged period to identify stability issues.

32. What is security testing?

    • Answer: Security testing aims to identify vulnerabilities and weaknesses in the software that could be exploited by malicious actors.

33. What is usability testing?

    • Answer: Usability testing evaluates how easy and intuitive the software is to use for its intended audience.

34. How do you ensure the quality of your test cases?

    • Answer: Use a structured approach to test case design, including clear steps, expected results, and appropriate test data. Review test cases with peers and use checklists to ensure consistency and completeness.

35. What are some common challenges you've faced in test automation?

    • Answer: [Describe challenges such as dealing with dynamic objects, maintaining test scripts, integrating with other tools, handling flaky tests, and ensuring test coverage.]

36. How do you handle test data management?

    • Answer: Using external data sources, test data generators, data masking techniques, and data management tools to efficiently manage test data.

37. What is your approach to learning new testing tools or technologies?

    • Answer: [Describe your approach, emphasizing self-learning, online resources, certifications, and seeking mentorship opportunities.]

38. How do you prioritize your testing tasks?

    • Answer: Based on risk assessment, business criticality, severity of potential defects, and deadlines.

39. What is your experience with version control systems (e.g., Git)?

    • Answer: [Describe your experience with Git or other version control systems, emphasizing your understanding of branching, merging, and collaboration.]

40. Describe a time you had to debug a complex test script.

    • Answer: [Provide a specific example, explaining your debugging process, the tools you used, and the solution you implemented.]

41. How do you stay updated with the latest trends in software testing?

    • Answer: [Mention attending conferences, reading blogs and articles, following industry experts, and participating in online communities.]

42. What are your strengths as a software tester?

    • Answer: [Highlight relevant strengths, such as attention to detail, analytical skills, problem-solving abilities, communication skills, and teamwork.]

43. What are your weaknesses as a software tester?

    • Answer: [Choose a genuine weakness and explain how you are working to improve it. Focus on a weakness that is not critical for the role.]

44. Why are you interested in this position?

    • Answer: [Tailor this answer to the specific job description and company. Express your enthusiasm for the company's mission, the technologies used, and the challenges presented by the role.]

45. Where do you see yourself in 5 years?

    • Answer: [Express your ambition to grow within the company and take on more responsibility. Mention specific skills you want to develop and roles you aspire to.]

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