Full-Stack Developer Interview Questions and Answers for freshers

0
100 Interview Questions for Freshers: Full-Stack Developer

  1. What is the difference between a front-end and a back-end developer?

    • Answer: A front-end developer focuses on the user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) – what the user sees and interacts with. They work with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. A back-end developer focuses on the server-side logic, databases, and APIs. They work with languages like Python, Java, Node.js, etc., and databases like MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB.

  2. Explain the concept of RESTful APIs.

    • Answer: RESTful APIs (Representational State Transfer) are a set of architectural constraints for building web services. They use standard HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) to interact with resources, and follow principles like statelessness, client-server architecture, and caching to ensure scalability and efficiency.

  3. What are some popular front-end frameworks?

    • Answer: Popular front-end frameworks include React, Angular, and Vue.js. React uses a component-based approach, Angular is a comprehensive framework, and Vue.js is known for its ease of learning and integration.

  4. What are some popular back-end frameworks/languages?

    • Answer: Popular back-end frameworks and languages include Node.js (JavaScript), Django (Python), Ruby on Rails (Ruby), Spring Boot (Java), and .NET (C#).

  5. Explain the concept of MVC architecture.

    • Answer: MVC (Model-View-Controller) is a software design pattern that separates the application's concerns into three interconnected parts: the Model (data), the View (presentation), and the Controller (logic). This separation improves code organization, maintainability, and testability.

  6. What is the difference between GET and POST requests?

    • Answer: GET requests are used to retrieve data from the server, while POST requests are used to send data to the server to create or update resources. GET requests are typically idempotent (can be repeated without side effects), while POST requests are not.

  7. What is SQL and NoSQL? Give examples.

    • Answer: SQL (Structured Query Language) databases are relational databases that organize data into tables with rows and columns. Examples include MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQL Server. NoSQL databases are non-relational databases that can handle various data models like key-value, document, graph, and column-family. Examples include MongoDB, Cassandra, and Redis.

  8. What is version control and why is it important?

    • Answer: Version control (like Git) is a system for tracking changes to files and coordinating work among developers. It's crucial for collaboration, managing different versions of code, and easily reverting to previous states if needed.

  9. Explain the concept of AJAX.

    • Answer: AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) allows web pages to update asynchronously by exchanging data with a server, without requiring a full page reload. This improves user experience by making websites more responsive.

  10. What is JSON and how is it used in web development?

    • Answer: JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data-interchange format. It's commonly used for transmitting data between a server and a web application because it's human-readable and easily parsed by JavaScript.

  11. What is the difference between == and === in JavaScript?

    • Answer: In JavaScript, `==` performs loose equality comparison, while `===` performs strict equality comparison. Loose equality allows type coercion (automatic type conversion), while strict equality requires both the value and the type to be the same.

  12. Explain the concept of a Promise in JavaScript.

    • Answer: A Promise is an object representing the eventual completion (or failure) of an asynchronous operation and its resulting value. It allows for cleaner handling of asynchronous code compared to callbacks, using `.then()` for success and `.catch()` for failure.

  13. What is a callback function?

    • Answer: A callback function is a function passed as an argument to another function. It is executed after the completion of the outer function, often used for handling asynchronous operations.

  14. Explain the concept of event handling in JavaScript.

    • Answer: Event handling in JavaScript involves responding to user interactions or other events (like mouse clicks, key presses, form submissions) that occur within a web page. Event listeners are attached to elements, and when an event occurs, the corresponding function is executed.

Thank you for reading our blog post on 'Full-Stack Developer Interview Questions and Answers for freshers'.We hope you found it informative and useful.Stay tuned for more insightful content!