Computer Science Interview Questions and Answers for 2 years experience

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100 Interview Questions for Computer Science (2 Years Experience)

  1. What is the difference between an array and a linked list?

    • Answer: Arrays store elements contiguously in memory, providing O(1) access time but requiring resizing for dynamic allocation. Linked lists store elements as nodes with pointers to the next node, allowing dynamic resizing but requiring O(n) access time for elements not at the head.

  2. Explain the concept of polymorphism.

    • Answer: Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common type. This is achieved through inheritance and interfaces, enabling flexibility and code reusability. A classic example is using a common function name to perform different actions depending on the object type.

  3. What are the different types of database relationships?

    • Answer: Common database relationships include one-to-one (one record in table A relates to one record in table B), one-to-many (one record in table A relates to multiple records in table B), and many-to-many (multiple records in table A relate to multiple records in table B, often requiring a junction table).

  4. Describe the difference between GET and POST HTTP methods.

    • Answer: GET requests append data to the URL, are idempotent (can be repeated without side effects), and are typically used for retrieving data. POST requests send data in the request body, are not idempotent, and are often used for submitting forms or creating new resources.

  5. Explain the concept of normalization in databases.

    • Answer: Database normalization is the process of organizing data to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity. Different normal forms (like 1NF, 2NF, 3NF) define levels of redundancy reduction, aiming for efficient data storage and retrieval.

  6. What is the difference between a stack and a queue?

    • Answer: Stacks follow the Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) principle (like a stack of plates), while queues follow the First-In, First-Out (FIFO) principle (like a queue at a store).

  7. What is RESTful API?

    • Answer: A RESTful API (Representational State Transfer) is an architectural style for building web services. It uses standard HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) to interact with resources identified by URLs, returning data in formats like JSON or XML.

  8. Explain Agile software development methodologies.

    • Answer: Agile methodologies emphasize iterative development, collaboration, and flexibility. Popular frameworks like Scrum and Kanban focus on short development cycles (sprints), frequent feedback, and adapting to changing requirements.

  9. What is version control and why is it important?

    • Answer: Version control (like Git) tracks changes to code over time, allowing for collaboration, rollback to previous versions, and easy management of different project versions. It's crucial for teamwork and maintaining a clean codebase.

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