API Testing Interview Questions and Answers for 5 years experience

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100 API Testing Interview Questions & Answers

  1. What is API testing and why is it important?

    • Answer: API testing is a type of software testing that focuses on verifying the Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) of an application. It involves sending requests to the API and examining the responses to ensure they meet the expected functionality, security, and performance requirements. It's crucial because APIs form the backbone of many modern applications, and thorough API testing helps prevent costly bugs and vulnerabilities from reaching the end-user.

  2. Explain the difference between REST and SOAP APIs.

    • Answer: REST (Representational State Transfer) and SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) are both architectural styles for building APIs, but they differ significantly. REST is lightweight, uses various data formats (JSON, XML), and relies on stateless communication using HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE). SOAP is more heavyweight, typically uses XML for both data and messaging, and employs a complex messaging protocol with features like security and transactions built-in. REST is generally preferred for its simplicity and flexibility, while SOAP is better suited for scenarios requiring robust security and transaction management.

  3. What are the different types of API testing?

    • Answer: API testing encompasses several types:
      • Unit Testing: Testing individual components of the API.
      • Integration Testing: Testing the interaction between different API components.
      • Contract Testing: Verifying that the API adheres to its defined contract (e.g., OpenAPI specification).
      • Functional Testing: Validating that the API performs its intended functions correctly.
      • Load Testing: Evaluating the API's performance under heavy load.
      • Security Testing: Identifying vulnerabilities like SQL injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), and authentication flaws.
      • Performance Testing: Measuring response times, throughput, and resource utilization.

  4. Describe your experience with API testing tools.

    • Answer: (This answer should be tailored to your experience. Examples include): I have extensive experience with Postman for creating and managing API requests, testing, and documenting. I've also used REST-assured (Java) for automated API testing within a CI/CD pipeline. Furthermore, I've worked with JMeter for performance and load testing of APIs and SoapUI for testing SOAP-based APIs. My experience also includes using tools like Swagger/OpenAPI for API documentation and contract testing.

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