Salesforce Lightning Interview Questions and Answers for 10 years experience

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100 Salesforce Lightning Interview Questions & Answers

  1. What is the difference between Aura and Lightning Web Components (LWC)?

    • Answer: Aura is Salesforce's original framework for building Lightning components, using a proprietary markup language and JavaScript controllers. LWC, built on modern web standards (HTML, CSS, JavaScript), offers improved performance, better developer experience, and easier integration with existing web technologies. Key differences include component architecture (hierarchical vs. shadow DOM), framework (proprietary vs. web standards), and performance (Aura generally slower than LWC).

  2. Explain the lifecycle hooks in LWC.

    • Answer: LWC lifecycle hooks are JavaScript methods that get called at specific points in a component's lifecycle. These include `connectedCallback` (when the component is inserted into the DOM), `renderedCallback` (after the component's HTML is rendered), `disconnectedCallback` (when the component is removed from the DOM), `errorCallback` (when an error occurs), and `render()` (for re-rendering the component).

  3. How do you handle data fetching in LWC?

    • Answer: Data fetching in LWC typically involves using the `wire` service, which allows declarative data binding from Apex controllers or other data sources. Alternatively, you can use the `fetch` API for more control but often requiring more manual handling. The `wire` service simplifies data fetching and automatically handles updates and error handling.

  4. What are the different types of Lightning Web Components?

    • Answer: LWCs can be categorized as standard components (those built directly within the framework), custom components (built by developers), and composed components (combinations of other components). Further distinctions include base components (e.g., those displaying simple text) and complex components with advanced features like data handling and interactions.

  5. Explain the use of @api in LWC.

    • Answer: The `@api` decorator in LWC designates a public property that can be accessed and modified by a parent component. It enables parent-child communication and data sharing between components.

  6. How do you handle events in LWC?

    • Answer: Events in LWC are handled using custom events. A component can dispatch an event, and other components can listen for and respond to that event. Event handling provides a mechanism for components to communicate and trigger actions within the application.

  7. What is the purpose of the Lightning Data Service (LDS)?

    • Answer: The LDS is a framework for building Lightning components that efficiently access and manage data from Salesforce. It caches data, reduces network calls, and handles data updates, streamlining the development process. While it's less frequently used now with the prevalence of the `wire` service, understanding its principles is beneficial.

  8. Describe different ways to implement navigation in Lightning Web Components.

    • Answer: Navigation can be done via the `$NavigationMixin` (in Aura and some older LWC approaches) or using the `LightningNavigation` interface directly within an LWC. This allows developers to programmatically navigate to different pages, records, or other Salesforce components.

  9. How do you implement internationalization in Lightning Web Components?

    • Answer: Internationalization is achieved using resource bundles, which contain translations for different locales. The component accesses the appropriate bundle based on the user's language setting, allowing for dynamic language switching.

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