MariaDB Interview Questions and Answers for internship

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MariaDB Internship Interview Questions and Answers

  1. What is MariaDB?

    • Answer: MariaDB is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS) that is considered a fork of MySQL. It's known for its speed, scalability, and compatibility with MySQL, offering enhanced features and improved performance in certain areas.

  2. What are the key differences between MariaDB and MySQL?

    • Answer: While largely compatible, key differences include storage engines (MariaDB offers improvements like Aria and InnoDB enhancements), features (MariaDB often adds features before MySQL), and licensing (both are open source but with different licensing models, though both are GPL compatible). Performance can vary based on specific use cases and configurations.

  3. Explain the concept of ACID properties in a database context.

    • Answer: ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability. These are crucial properties ensuring reliable database transactions. Atomicity means a transaction is treated as a single unit; either all changes are applied or none. Consistency ensures the database remains in a valid state after a transaction. Isolation prevents concurrent transactions from interfering with each other. Durability guarantees that once a transaction is committed, it remains persistent even in case of failures.

  4. What is a relational database?

    • Answer: A relational database organizes data into tables with rows (records) and columns (attributes). Relationships between tables are established through keys, allowing for efficient data management and retrieval. The relationships are defined and enforced through constraints, maintaining data integrity.

  5. What is SQL and how is it used with MariaDB?

    • Answer: SQL (Structured Query Language) is the standard language for managing and manipulating databases. In MariaDB, SQL is used to create databases, tables, insert, update, and delete data, and query data using `SELECT` statements. Various SQL commands allow for complex data manipulation and analysis.

  6. Explain the different types of SQL joins.

    • Answer: SQL joins combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column. Common types include INNER JOIN (returns rows only where the join condition is met), LEFT JOIN (returns all rows from the left table and matching rows from the right), RIGHT JOIN (returns all rows from the right table and matching rows from the left), and FULL OUTER JOIN (returns all rows from both tables).

  7. What is normalization in database design?

    • Answer: Normalization is a process of organizing data to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity. Different normal forms (1NF, 2NF, 3NF, etc.) define levels of normalization, each addressing specific types of redundancy. Proper normalization improves database efficiency and scalability.

  8. What are indexes in MariaDB and why are they important?

    • Answer: Indexes are data structures that improve the speed of data retrieval operations. They work similarly to an index in a book, allowing MariaDB to quickly locate specific rows without scanning the entire table. Indexes are crucial for optimizing query performance, especially in large databases.

  9. Explain the concept of transactions in MariaDB.

    • Answer: Transactions are sequences of database operations that are treated as a single unit of work. They are crucial for ensuring data integrity and consistency. Transactions typically include operations like `BEGIN`, `COMMIT`, and `ROLLBACK` to manage the execution of multiple SQL statements.

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