Liquid (Shopify Template Language) Interview Questions and Answers

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100 Liquid Interview Questions and Answers

  1. What is Liquid?

    • Answer: Liquid is a templating language created by Shopify. It's used to create dynamic web pages by separating content from presentation. It's open-source and used for building themes, emails, and other dynamic content.

  2. Explain the basic syntax of Liquid.

    • Answer: Liquid uses double curly braces `{{ }}` for outputting variables and objects, and percentage signs `{% %}` for control flow (loops, conditionals) and tags.

  3. How do you output a variable named "product_title" in Liquid?

    • Answer: `{{ product_title }}`

  4. What are objects in Liquid? Give an example.

    • Answer: Objects are collections of key-value pairs. For example, `product` is an object containing properties like `product.title`, `product.price`, `product.description` etc.

  5. How do you access nested properties within an object?

    • Answer: Use dot notation. For example, to access the `city` property within a `customer.address` object, use `{{ customer.address.city }}`

  6. Explain the `for` loop in Liquid.

    • Answer: The `for` loop iterates over collections (arrays). Example: `{% for item in items %} {{ item.name }} {% endfor %}`

  7. How do you use the `if` statement in Liquid?

    • Answer: `{% if product.available %}In stock{% else %}Sold out{% endif %}`

  8. What is the `unless` statement in Liquid?

    • Answer: It's the opposite of `if`. It executes the code block only if the condition is false. `{% unless product.available %}Sold out{% endunless %}`

  9. Explain the `case` statement in Liquid.

    • Answer: It allows you to perform different actions based on the value of a variable. `{% case product.type %} {% when 'shirt' %}It's a shirt!{% when 'pants' %}It's pants!{% else %}Unknown type{% endcase %}`

  10. What are filters in Liquid? Give examples.

    • Answer: Filters modify the output of a variable. Examples: `{{ product.title | truncate: 20 }}` (truncates to 20 characters), `{{ product.price | money }}` (formats as currency).

  11. Explain the `assign` tag.

    • Answer: It assigns a value to a variable. `{% assign myVariable = "Hello" %}`

  12. How do you include other Liquid files using the `include` tag?

    • Answer: `{% include 'my-snippet' %}`

  13. What is the purpose of the `comment` tag?

    • Answer: To add comments to your Liquid code that are not rendered in the output. `{% comment %}This is a comment{% endcomment %}`

  14. How can you handle arrays in Liquid?

    • Answer: Arrays are accessed using index (starting from 0). Example: `{{ myArray[0] }}` accesses the first element.

  15. What is the `capture` tag used for?

    • Answer: To capture the output of a section of Liquid code and store it in a variable.

  16. How do you use the `increment` tag?

    • Answer: To increase the value of a variable by 1. `{% increment myCounter %}`

  17. Explain the `decrement` tag.

    • Answer: To decrease the value of a variable by 1. `{% decrement myCounter %}`

  18. What is the `cycle` tag?

    • Answer: It cycles through a list of values on each iteration of a loop.

  19. How do you use the `tab` tag?

    • Answer: To create tabs in your template.

  20. Explain the `raw` tag.

    • Answer: It prevents Liquid from interpreting the code within. Useful for embedding HTML or Javascript code.

  21. What are Liquid objects commonly available in Shopify themes?

    • Answer: `product`, `collection`, `customer`, `cart`, `shop` are some common objects.

  22. How can you debug Liquid code?

    • Answer: Use the `debug` tag to output the contents of variables for inspection. Also use browser developer tools.

  23. What are some best practices for writing Liquid code?

    • Answer: Use clear variable names, keep code concise, use comments, break down complex logic into smaller snippets, test thoroughly.

  24. How to handle errors gracefully in Liquid?

    • Answer: Use conditional statements (`if`, `unless`) to check for the existence of variables before accessing them to avoid errors.

  25. Explain the difference between `{% assign x = y %}` and `{% capture x %}{{ y }}{% endcapture %}`.

    • Answer: `assign` directly assigns the value of `y` to `x`. `capture` captures the output of `y` (which might include Liquid processing) and assigns it to `x`.

  26. How do you create a custom filter in Liquid?

    • Answer: Custom filters are typically defined within the Shopify theme's JavaScript code and then accessed within the Liquid templates.

  27. What are some common uses of Liquid in Shopify development beyond themes?

    • Answer: Email templates, metafields, app development, creating custom pages.

  28. How to implement pagination in Liquid?

    • Answer: Shopify provides built-in pagination features for collections that can be accessed through Liquid.

  29. How do you work with dates in Liquid?

    • Answer: Use date filters like `date` to format dates.

  30. What are some performance considerations when writing Liquid code?

    • Answer: Avoid nested loops, optimize filters, use efficient data structures, minimize unnecessary calculations.

  31. How can you use Liquid to dynamically generate HTML attributes?

    • Answer: Concatenate strings and variables within the attribute value. For example: `{{ product.title }}`

  32. Explain the concept of sections and snippets in Shopify themes.

    • Answer: Sections are reusable blocks of code for different parts of a page (e.g., header, footer). Snippets are smaller, reusable pieces of Liquid code.

  33. How can you access theme settings within Liquid?

    • Answer: Through the `settings` object.

  34. What is the role of `schema` in Shopify Liquid?

    • Answer: `schema` defines the structure and data types for theme settings, ensuring data integrity and providing type safety.

  35. How to handle image URLs in Liquid?

    • Answer: Use the `img_url` filter to generate properly sized and formatted image URLs.

  36. What are Liquid's built-in filters for string manipulation?

    • Answer: `truncate`, `strip_html`, `capitalize`, `downcase`, `upcase`, `remove`, `replace` are some examples.

  37. How to display a collection's products in Liquid?

    • Answer: Iterate over the `products` property of the `collection` object using a `for` loop.

  38. Explain the use of the `where` filter in Liquid.

    • Answer: It filters a collection based on specified conditions.

  39. How can you sort products in a collection using Liquid?

    • Answer: Use the `sort_by` filter.

  40. Explain the difference between `sort_by` and `sort_by` with a `reverse` filter.

    • Answer: `sort_by` sorts in ascending order, adding `| reverse` sorts in descending order.

  41. How to display the current page's URL in Liquid?

    • Answer: Access the `url` variable.

  42. How to display the current shop's name in Liquid?

    • Answer: Access the `shop.name` property.

  43. What are some security considerations when using Liquid?

    • Answer: Sanitize user inputs, avoid directly outputting user-supplied data without proper escaping, use the appropriate filters to prevent XSS vulnerabilities.

  44. How to use Liquid to show the total number of items in a cart?

    • Answer: Access the `cart.item_count` property.

  45. How to access a specific item in the cart using Liquid?

    • Answer: Iterate through the `cart.items` array using a `for` loop.

  46. How to handle conditional rendering based on the cart's emptiness?

    • Answer: Use an `if` statement to check `cart.item_count`.

  47. How to display the total price of items in the cart using Liquid?

    • Answer: Access the `cart.total_price` property and use the `money` filter.

  48. How to display customer information (if logged in) using Liquid?

    • Answer: Access the `customer` object's properties (e.g., `customer.name`, `customer.email`). Check if `customer` exists to handle guest users.

  49. What are Liquid's operators for comparison?

    • Answer: `==`, `!=`, `>`, `<`, `>=`, `<=`

  50. What are Liquid's logical operators?

    • Answer: `and`, `or`, `not`

  51. How to use Liquid to check if a product has a specific tag?

    • Answer: Use the `contains` filter with the `product.tags` array.

  52. How to display product variants using Liquid?

    • Answer: Iterate over the `product.variants` array using a `for` loop.

  53. How to handle product options (e.g., size, color) using Liquid?

    • Answer: Access the `product.options` array and iterate over it.

  54. How to display product images in different sizes using Liquid?

    • Answer: Use the `img_url` filter with different size parameters.

  55. What are some common Liquid filters for working with numbers?

    • Answer: `plus`, `minus`, `times`, `divided_by`, `round`

  56. How to implement a search functionality using Liquid (with limitations)?

    • Answer: Liquid itself doesn't provide a built-in search. You would typically rely on Shopify's search API or a third-party app.

  57. How to use Liquid to create a breadcrumb navigation?

    • Answer: This generally involves accessing page hierarchy information (often provided by the theme framework) and dynamically generating the links.

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