Gatsby Interview Questions and Answers for 2 years experience

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Gatsby Interview Questions & Answers (2 Years Experience)

  1. What is Gatsby?

    • Answer: Gatsby is a free and open-source framework based on React that helps developers build blazing-fast websites and apps. It uses static site generation (SSG) to pre-render pages at build time, resulting in excellent performance and SEO.

  2. Explain the difference between Gatsby's static site generation (SSG), server-side rendering (SSR), and client-side rendering (CSR).

    • Answer: SSG (Gatsby's primary method) generates complete HTML pages at build time. SSR renders pages on the server when a request is received. CSR renders pages in the user's browser after the initial page load. Gatsby excels at SSG for performance, while offering some SSR capabilities with features like data fetching plugins. CSR is generally less performant but provides greater flexibility.

  3. How does Gatsby improve website performance?

    • Answer: Gatsby leverages SSG to serve pre-built HTML pages, eliminating server-side rendering delays. It also optimizes images, utilizes code-splitting for faster load times, and provides features for improving Core Web Vitals, resulting in a faster user experience and better SEO.

  4. What are Gatsby's data sources? Give examples.

    • Answer: Gatsby supports various data sources including local files (Markdown, JSON, YAML), Contentful, WordPress, Airtable, and many others through its plugin ecosystem. These plugins handle fetching and transforming data into a format usable by Gatsby.

  5. Explain the role of `gatsby-node.js` and `gatsby-config.js` in a Gatsby project.

    • Answer: `gatsby-config.js` is the main configuration file, where you define plugins, site metadata, and other project-wide settings. `gatsby-node.js` allows for programmatic control over Gatsby's build process. You can create pages, modify data, and implement custom logic within this file.

  6. What are Gatsby plugins and how do you use them?

    • Answer: Gatsby plugins extend Gatsby's functionality. They're added to `gatsby-config.js` and provide features like data sourcing, image optimization, SEO improvements, and more. You install them using npm or yarn and configure their options within the config file.

  7. How do you handle image optimization in Gatsby?

    • Answer: Gatsby provides excellent image optimization through plugins like `gatsby-plugin-image` or `gatsby-transformer-sharp`. These plugins resize images for various screen sizes and formats, improving page load speed and responsiveness.

  8. Describe the Gatsby build process.

    • Answer: The build process involves Gatsby fetching data from configured sources, processing it using transformers, creating pages based on templates and data, and finally generating static HTML, CSS, and JavaScript files optimized for performance.

  9. How do you implement GraphQL queries in Gatsby?

    • Answer: Gatsby uses GraphQL to fetch data from various sources. You write GraphQL queries in your component's `pageContext` or using the `useStaticQuery` hook to retrieve specific data and render it dynamically.

  10. Explain the concept of page routing in Gatsby.

    • Answer: Gatsby uses React Router under the hood. You can define routes either programmatically in `gatsby-node.js` or by creating pages based on file system conventions (e.g., creating a page at `/blog/{slug}` automatically handles routing for blog posts).

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