Cyber Security Interview Questions and Answers for 10 years experience

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Cyber Security Interview Questions (10 Years Experience)

  1. What are the key differences between symmetric and asymmetric encryption?

    • Answer: Symmetric encryption uses the same key for both encryption and decryption, offering speed but requiring secure key exchange. Asymmetric encryption uses a pair of keys (public and private), enabling secure key exchange but being slower. Symmetric is ideal for encrypting large amounts of data, while asymmetric is better for key exchange and digital signatures.

  2. Explain the concept of a zero-trust security model.

    • Answer: Zero trust assumes no implicit trust granted to any user, device, or network, regardless of location. Every access request is verified based on multiple factors before granting access. It emphasizes least privilege access and continuous verification.

  3. Describe your experience with vulnerability scanning and penetration testing.

    • Answer: [This requires a personalized answer based on your experience. Include specific tools used, methodologies followed (e.g., OWASP, NIST), types of vulnerabilities discovered and remediated, and examples of impactful findings.]

  4. What are the different types of malware, and how do they work?

    • Answer: Malware includes viruses, worms, trojans, ransomware, spyware, adware, and rootkits. Viruses require a host program, worms self-replicate, trojans disguise malicious code, ransomware encrypts data, spyware monitors activity, adware displays unwanted ads, and rootkits gain administrator-level access.

  5. Explain the importance of incident response planning.

    • Answer: Incident response planning minimizes the impact of security breaches. A well-defined plan ensures a coordinated, efficient response, reducing downtime, data loss, and reputational damage. It outlines procedures for detection, containment, eradication, recovery, and post-incident activity.

  6. How do you stay up-to-date with the latest cyber security threats and vulnerabilities?

    • Answer: [Describe your methods, such as following security news sources (e.g., Krebs on Security, Threatpost), attending conferences, participating in online communities, reading research papers, and using vulnerability databases (e.g., NVD).]

  7. Describe your experience with SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) systems.

    • Answer: [This requires a personalized answer detailing your experience with specific SIEM tools (e.g., Splunk, QRadar, LogRhythm), including log collection, correlation, alert management, and reporting.]

  8. What is the difference between a firewall and an intrusion detection system (IDS)?

    • Answer: A firewall controls network traffic based on pre-defined rules, blocking or allowing access. An IDS monitors network traffic for malicious activity, generating alerts but not actively blocking traffic. An IPS (Intrusion Prevention System) goes a step further and actively blocks malicious traffic.

  9. Explain the concept of social engineering.

    • Answer: Social engineering manipulates individuals into divulging confidential information or performing actions that compromise security. This can involve phishing emails, pretexting, baiting, quid pro quo, and other deceptive tactics.

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