computer tech Interview Questions and Answers

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100 Computer Tech Interview Questions and Answers

  1. What is the difference between RAM and ROM?

    • Answer: RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile memory that stores data temporarily while the computer is on. ROM (Read-Only Memory) is non-volatile memory that stores permanent instructions and data, even when the power is off. RAM is used for actively running programs and data, while ROM holds the computer's BIOS and firmware.

  2. Explain the concept of cloud computing.

    • Answer: Cloud computing is the on-demand availability of computer system resources, especially data storage (cloud storage) and computing power, without direct active management by the user. Instead of owning and maintaining physical hardware, users access resources over the internet from a cloud provider like AWS, Google Cloud, or Azure. This includes services like SaaS (Software as a Service), PaaS (Platform as a Service), and IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service).

  3. What is an IP address?

    • Answer: An IP address (Internet Protocol address) is a numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication. It allows devices to locate and communicate with each other. There are two main versions: IPv4 (32-bit) and IPv6 (128-bit), with IPv6 designed to address the depletion of IPv4 addresses.

  4. What is the difference between a virus, worm, and Trojan horse?

    • Answer: A virus needs a host program to spread, attaching itself to executable files. A worm is a self-replicating program that spreads across networks without needing a host. A Trojan horse disguises itself as legitimate software but contains malicious code.

  5. What is a firewall?

    • Answer: A firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. It helps to prevent unauthorized access and malicious activities from external sources.

  6. Explain the concept of DNS.

    • Answer: DNS (Domain Name System) translates domain names (like google.com) into IP addresses (like 172.217.160.142) that computers use to communicate. Without DNS, you would need to remember the numerical IP address for every website you visit.

  7. What is the purpose of an operating system?

    • Answer: An operating system (OS) manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs. It acts as an intermediary between the user and the hardware, allowing users to interact with the computer and run applications.

  8. What are the different layers of the OSI model?

    • Answer: The OSI model has seven layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application. Each layer has specific functions in network communication.

  9. What is TCP/IP?

    • Answer: TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is the basic communication protocol suite for the Internet. TCP provides reliable, ordered delivery of data streams, while IP handles the addressing and routing of packets.

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