ASP.NET Interview Questions and Answers for 10 years experience

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ASP.NET Interview Questions (10 Years Experience)

  1. What is ASP.NET?

    • Answer: ASP.NET is a web application framework developed by Microsoft, built on the .NET framework (or .NET). It provides a structured way to build dynamic websites, web applications, and web services. It uses a server-side scripting model, where code executes on the server, generating HTML that's sent to the client's browser.

  2. Explain the difference between ASP.NET Web Forms and ASP.NET MVC.

    • Answer: ASP.NET Web Forms uses a server-side event-driven model, employing controls that mimic desktop development. It's easier to learn for developers familiar with WinForms, but can lead to less maintainable code for large projects. ASP.NET MVC (Model-View-Controller) is a framework emphasizing separation of concerns, following the MVC design pattern. It offers greater control over HTML and URLs, making it ideal for complex applications and testability.

  3. What are the different types of caching mechanisms available in ASP.NET?

    • Answer: ASP.NET offers several caching mechanisms: Output caching (caching the rendered HTML), Data caching (caching data retrieved from a database), Fragment caching (caching parts of a page), and distributed caching (using a cache server like Redis or Memcached for scalability).

  4. Explain the concept of Master Pages in ASP.NET Web Forms.

    • Answer: Master Pages provide a consistent layout and design across multiple pages in a Web Forms application. They define the common elements (header, footer, navigation) and content placeholders where individual page content can be inserted.

  5. How does routing work in ASP.NET MVC?

    • Answer: Routing in ASP.NET MVC maps incoming URLs to specific controller actions. It allows for creating clean, SEO-friendly URLs, independent of the physical file structure. This is defined using route tables which map URL patterns to controller and action methods.

  6. What are ViewModels in ASP.NET MVC?

    • Answer: ViewModels are simple classes that hold the data needed by a view. They are not domain models; instead, they act as intermediaries between the model and the view, providing a structured way to pass data to the view and improve separation of concerns.

  7. Describe different ways to handle security in ASP.NET applications.

    • Answer: Security in ASP.NET can be handled through various mechanisms: Authentication (verifying user identity), Authorization (controlling access to resources), input validation, output encoding, HTTPS, role-based security, using membership providers, and integrating with external authentication services like OAuth or OpenID Connect.

  8. Explain the difference between Session and Application state in ASP.NET.

    • Answer: Session state stores data specific to a single user's session, lasting for the duration of their visit. Application state stores data shared across all users of the application. Session state is typically stored in memory on the server, while Application state can be stored in memory or in a more persistent store.

  9. What are Web Services in ASP.NET?

    • Answer: Web services in ASP.NET allow applications to communicate over the internet using standard protocols like SOAP or REST. They expose functionality as services that other applications can consume, enabling interoperability and integration.

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