applications tester Interview Questions and Answers

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100 Interview Questions and Answers for Applications Tester

  1. What is the difference between verification and validation?

    • Answer: Verification confirms that the software is being built correctly (following specifications), while validation confirms that the software is built correctly (meets user needs and requirements).

  2. Explain the software testing life cycle (STLC).

    • Answer: The STLC involves Requirement Analysis, Test Planning, Test Case Design, Test Environment Setup, Test Execution, Defect Reporting, Test Closure. Each phase has specific activities and deliverables.

  3. What are the different levels of software testing?

    • Answer: Unit Testing, Integration Testing, System Testing, Acceptance Testing (User Acceptance Testing, Alpha Testing, Beta Testing).

  4. What are black box, white box, and grey box testing?

    • Answer: Black box testing focuses on functionality without knowledge of internal code. White box testing uses knowledge of the internal code structure. Grey box testing combines elements of both, with partial knowledge of the internal workings.

  5. What is test-driven development (TDD)?

    • Answer: TDD is a software development approach where tests are written *before* the code. This ensures that code is written to meet specific requirements and improves code quality.

  6. Explain the difference between a bug, a defect, and a failure.

    • Answer: A defect is a flaw in the software. A bug is a synonym for a defect, often used informally. A failure is the manifestation of a defect during execution, causing the software to not behave as expected.

  7. What is a test case? What are its components?

    • Answer: A test case is a set of actions executed to verify a particular feature or functionality. Components include Test Case ID, Test Case Name, Objective, Pre-conditions, Steps, Expected Results, Actual Results, Pass/Fail status.

  8. What is a test plan? What information does it contain?

    • Answer: A test plan is a document outlining the scope, approach, resources, and schedule for software testing. It includes details on test objectives, test strategy, testing methods, resources required, schedule, and risks.

  9. What is a test suite?

    • Answer: A test suite is a collection of test cases organized to test a specific functionality or module.

  10. What is a test script?

    • Answer: A test script is a set of instructions written in a scripting language to automate test execution.

  11. What is the difference between functional and non-functional testing?

    • Answer: Functional testing verifies that the software functions as specified. Non-functional testing assesses aspects like performance, security, usability, and scalability, which are not directly related to specific functions.

  12. Describe different types of non-functional testing.

    • Answer: Performance testing (load, stress, endurance), security testing, usability testing, compatibility testing, scalability testing.

  13. Explain the concept of regression testing.

    • Answer: Regression testing is performed after code changes (bug fixes, new features) to ensure that existing functionality still works correctly. It helps prevent the introduction of new bugs.

  14. What is the purpose of smoke testing?

    • Answer: Smoke testing is a preliminary test to verify that the critical functionalities of a software build are working correctly. It helps determine if a build is stable enough for further testing.

  15. What is sanity testing?

    • Answer: Sanity testing is a narrow, focused testing performed after a small change or bug fix to confirm that the specific issue is resolved and no new issues have been introduced.

  16. What are some common software testing methodologies?

    • Answer: Waterfall, Agile (Scrum, Kanban), V-Model, Spiral Model.

  17. Explain Agile testing principles.

    • Answer: Agile testing emphasizes continuous testing throughout the development cycle, close collaboration with developers, frequent feedback loops, and adaptability to changing requirements.

  18. What is the role of a test lead?

    • Answer: A test lead plans, designs, executes, and manages the testing process for a project. They oversee the test team, allocate resources, track progress, and report on testing status.

  19. What are some common bug tracking tools?

    • Answer: Jira, Bugzilla, MantisBT, Azure DevOps.

  20. How do you prioritize test cases?

    • Answer: Prioritization is based on factors like risk, criticality, business impact, and frequency of use. High-risk, critical, and frequently used functionalities are tested first.

  21. Describe your experience with different testing tools.

    • Answer: (This answer will be specific to the candidate's experience. Mention specific tools like Selenium, Appium, JMeter, LoadRunner, etc., and describe their usage in previous projects.)

  22. How do you handle conflicting priorities during testing?

    • Answer: Communicate clearly with stakeholders, explain the trade-offs involved, and use risk assessment to prioritize tasks based on their impact.

  23. How do you write effective bug reports?

    • Answer: Clear and concise description of the bug, steps to reproduce, actual result vs. expected result, environment details, screenshots or screen recordings, severity and priority levels.

  24. How do you handle pressure and tight deadlines?

    • Answer: (This is a behavioral question. Describe how you prioritize tasks, delegate when appropriate, and manage time effectively under pressure.)

  25. How do you stay updated on the latest testing trends and technologies?

    • Answer: (Mention professional development activities like attending conferences, online courses, reading industry blogs and publications, participating in online communities.)

  26. What is your experience with automation testing?

    • Answer: (This answer will be specific to the candidate's experience. Mention specific automation frameworks, tools, and experience with scripting languages like Java, Python, JavaScript, etc.)

  27. Explain your experience with performance testing tools.

    • Answer: (Mention specific performance testing tools like JMeter, LoadRunner, Gatling, etc. Describe how you have used them in the past to test applications under load and stress.)

  28. What is your experience with security testing?

    • Answer: (Mention any experience with penetration testing, vulnerability scanning, OWASP top 10, etc.)

  29. What are some common performance testing metrics?

    • Answer: Response time, throughput, resource utilization (CPU, memory), error rate.

  30. Explain the difference between load testing and stress testing.

    • Answer: Load testing simulates normal user load to assess performance under expected conditions. Stress testing pushes the system beyond its expected capacity to determine its breaking point and stability.

  31. What is your experience with mobile application testing?

    • Answer: (Mention experience with tools like Appium, Espresso, XCUITest, and different mobile operating systems.)

  32. What are some challenges you have faced in software testing and how did you overcome them?

    • Answer: (This is a behavioral question. Describe specific challenges, such as dealing with unclear requirements, tight deadlines, or technical issues, and explain how you resolved them.)

  33. What is your approach to learning new testing technologies?

    • Answer: (Describe your learning style, resources used, and how you apply your knowledge.)

  34. What are your salary expectations?

    • Answer: (Provide a salary range based on your experience and research of market rates.)

  35. Why are you interested in this position?

    • Answer: (Express your enthusiasm for the company, the role, and the opportunity to contribute your skills.)

  36. What are your strengths and weaknesses?

    • Answer: (Be honest and provide specific examples. Frame weaknesses as areas for improvement.)

  37. Tell me about a time you failed. What did you learn?

    • Answer: (Describe a specific instance of failure, focusing on what you learned from the experience and how you improved.)

  38. Tell me about a time you had to work on a challenging project. How did you approach it?

    • Answer: (Describe a challenging project and highlight your problem-solving skills, teamwork, and ability to adapt to difficult situations.)

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